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Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

 Syn. SHPT

Signs & Symptoms

 Heavy sunscreen use
Note: cause Vitamin D deficiency
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110732/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/Risk-Factors]
Inadequate direct sunlight exposure
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110732/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/Risk-Factors]
Fish Diet absence
Note: cause vitamin D deficiency, cause hypocalcemia
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110732/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/Risk-Factors]
Dairy product Diets absence
Note: cause vitamin D deficiency, cause hypocalcemia
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110732/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/Risk-Factors]

Physical Examination

 Pericardial rub
Note: due to chronic kidney disease, due to CKD
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110733/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/History-Exam]
Peripheral edema
Note: due to chronic kidney disease, due to CKD
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110733/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/History-Exam]
Trousseau sign
Note: due to hypocalcemic states, due to hypocalcemia, due to neuromuscular excitability, Inflating blood pressure cuff above diastolic for about 3 minutes causes muscular flexion of the wrist, hyperextension of the fingers, and flexion of the thumb
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110733/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/History-Exam]

Lab / Serology

 Inadequate vitamin D intake
Note: cause vitamin D deficiency
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110732/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/Risk-Factors]
Vitamin D deficiency
Note: due to Inadequate direct sunlight exposure
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110732/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/Risk-Factors]
Nutritional deficiency
Note: cause vitamin D deficiency, cause hypocalcemia
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110732/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/Risk-Factors]

Imagin Study

 Parathyroid gland hyperplasia
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110733/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/History-Exam]

Complication

Risk Factors

 Elder
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110732/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/Risk-Factors]
Obesity
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110732/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/Risk-Factors]

Cause

 Vitamin D deficiency
Note: due to Inadequate direct sunlight exposure
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/110732/Secondary-hyperparathyroidism/Risk-Factors]
Calcium malabsorption
Ref: Uptodate [ Primary hyperparathyroidism: Clinical manifestations]
Pancreatic disease
Note: cause fat malabsorption
Ref: Uptodate [ Primary hyperparathyroidism: Clinical manifestations]

Other