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Chronic Atrial Fibrillation

Signs & Symptoms

 Alcohol abuse
Note: Particularly if associated with a cardiomyopathy
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
Mitral regurgitation
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
Mitral stenosis
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
Rheumatic heart disease
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]

Physical Examination

 Irregular pulse
Note: Regular pulse does not exclude AF
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
Palpitations
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
Tachycardia
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]

Lab / Serology

 Abnormal serum aminotransferases
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
Abnormal serum BUN
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
Abnormal Serum creatinine
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]

Imagin Study

 Varying PR intervals
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
More than 3 different distinct P-wave morphologies
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
Discrete regular P waves
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]

Complication

 Stroke
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]

Risk Factors

 Age greater than 50
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
Male
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
Obesity
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]

Cause

 Cerebral hypoperfusion
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]
Rapidity of the ventricular response
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/1/Chronic-atrial-fibrillation]

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