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Acute Respiratory Failure

Signs & Symptoms

 Chronic lung disease
Ref: Uptodate [ The evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of the adult patient with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure] Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Lower airway obstruction
Note: due to Foreign bodies, due to retropharyngeal abscess, due to epiglottitis, due to anaphylaxis
Ref: Uptodate [ The evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of the adult patient with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure] Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Upper airway obstruction
Note: due to Foreign bodies, due to retropharyngeal abscess, due to epiglottitis, due to anaphylaxis
Ref: Uptodate [ The evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of the adult patient with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure] Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Viral respiratory infection
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]

Physical Examination

 Bradycardia
Note: due to Prolonged hypoxemia
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Retraction of intercostal spaces
Note: due to Respiratory distress
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Tachycardia
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]

Lab / Serology

 Hypovolemia
Note: due to Hemorrhage, due to dehydration
Ref: Uptodate [ The evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of the adult patient with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure] Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Polycythemia (negative symptom)
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Electrolyte imbalance #Type_II_respiratory_failure
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]

Imagin Study

 Low SpO2 #Type_II_respiratory_failure
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Slightly decreased pH (negative symptom)
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Elevated serum bicarbonate (negative symptom)
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]

Complication

 Severe respiratory acidosis #Type_II_respiratory_failure
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Coma #Type_II_respiratory_failure
Ref: Uptodate [ The evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of the adult patient with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure] Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Disorientation #Type_II_respiratory_failure
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]

Risk Factors

 Elder
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Smoking
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Young
Ref: Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]

Cause

 Guillain-Barre
Ref: Uptodate [ The evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of the adult patient with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure] Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Neuromuscular disorders
Ref: Uptodate [ The evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of the adult patient with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure] Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]
Myasthenia gravis
Ref: Uptodate [ The evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of the adult patient with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure] Epocrates [ Https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/853/Acute-respiratory-failure]

Other