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Acute Myeloid Leukemia In Children

 Syn. AML in children , Pediatric Acute Myelogenous Leukemia , Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia in children

Signs & Symptoms

 Bleeding
Note: due to Thrombocytopenia, due to DIC
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents] Nelson [ 603]
Anorexia
Ref: Nelson [ 603]
History of acute leukemia in siblings
Ref: Nelson [ 603]
Genetic syndromes
Ref: Nelson [ 603]

Physical Examination

 Petechiae
Note: due to Thrombocytopenia, due to DIC
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents] Nelson [ 603]
Ecchymoses
Note: due to Thrombocytopenia, due to DIC
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents] Nelson [ 603]
Lymphadenopathy
Note: due to Extramedullary infiltration of blasts
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents] Nelson [ 603]

Lab / Serology

 Immature blasts in peripheral blood smear #criteria
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents]
Infiltration of myeloblasts in bone marrow biopsy #criteria
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents]
Infiltration of myeloblasts in bone marrow aspirate #criteria
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents] Nelson [ 603]

Imagin Study

 Hepatosplenomegaly
Note: due to Extramedullary infiltration of blasts
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents] Nelson [ 603]
Hepatomegaly
Note: due to Extramedullary infiltration of blasts
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents] Nelson [ 603]
Splenomegaly
Note: due to Extramedullary infiltration of blasts
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents] Nelson [ 603]

Complication

 Hyperphosphatemia
Note: due to Tumor lysis syndrome, due to TLS, due to chemotherapy, due to renal failure
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents] Nelson [ 604]
Hypocalcemia
Note: due to Tumor lysis syndrome, due to TLS, due to chemotherapy, due to renal failure
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents] Nelson [ 604]
Hyperuricemia
Note: due to Tumor lysis syndrome, due to TLS, due to chemotherapy, due to renal failure
Ref: Uptodate [ Acute myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents] Nelson [ 604]

Risk Factors

Cause

 Ionizing radiation
Ref: Nelson [ 603]
Chemical exposures chemotherapy drugs
Ref: Nelson [ 603]

Other