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Acute Myeloid Leukemia In Adults

 Syn. AML in adults , Acute Myelogenous Leukemia in adults , Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia in adults

Signs & Symptoms

 Whitish plaques in eyes
Ref: Uptodate [ Complications of acute myeloid leukemia]
Dental abscesses
Ref: Uptodate [ Complications of acute myeloid leukemia] Harrison [ 745]
Oral candidiasis
Ref: Uptodate [ Complications of acute myeloid leukemia] Harrison [ 745]
Gingival hypertrophy
Ref: Uptodate [ Complications of acute myeloid leukemia] Harrison [ 745]

Physical Examination

 Whitish plaques in eyes
Ref: Uptodate [ Complications of acute myeloid leukemia]
Gingival hypertrophy
Ref: Uptodate [ Complications of acute myeloid leukemia] Harrison [ 745]
Oral candidiasis
Ref: Uptodate [ Complications of acute myeloid leukemia] Harrison [ 745]

Lab / Serology

 Circulating myeloblast cells #criteria
Note: 20% of patients have WBC>100000
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, pathologic features and diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia] Cecil [ 480]
Thrombocytopenia
Note: 25% of patients have severe thrombocytopenia(plt<25000)
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, pathologic features and diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia] Cecil [ 480]
Anemia
Note: Usually, due to Decreased erythropoiesis, due to blood loss
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, pathologic features and diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia] Harrison [ 743] Cecil [ 480]

Imagin Study

 Cranial nerve palsies
Ref: Uptodate [ Complications of acute myeloid leukemia] Harrison [ 745] Cecil [ 745]
Cranial nerve abnormality
Ref: Uptodate [ Complications of acute myeloid leukemia] Harrison [ 745] Cecil [ 745]

Complication

 Weakness
Note: due to Anemia
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations,pathologic features,and diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia] Harrison [ 743] Cecil [ 480]
Easy fatigability
Note: due to Anemia
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations,pathologic features,and diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia] Harrison [ 743] Cecil [ 480]
Metabolic abnormalities
Note: due to High turnover of leukemic cells, due to tumor lysis syndrom, due to TLS, due to chemotherapy, due to impaired nutrition, due to renal dysfunction
Ref: Uptodate [ Overview of complications of acute myeloid leukemia] Harrison [ 743] Cecil [ 480]

Risk Factors

 Elder
Ref: Harrison [ 739]
Male
Ref: Epocrates [ https://www.epocrates.com/online/diseases/274/acute-myeloid-leukemia#risk-factors]

Cause

 Myeloblasts in bone marrow aspirate #criteria
Note: Between 20-100% of bone marrow,at least 20% as a diagnostic criteria
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, pathologic features and diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia] Cecil [ 480]
Alkylating agent #Therapy_associated_AML, #t_AML
Ref: Uptodate [ Overview of acute myeloid leukemia on adults] Harrison [ 739] Cecil [ 478] Epocrates [ https://www.epocrates.com/online/diseases/274/acute-myeloid-leukemia#risk-factors]
Topoisomerase II inhibitors #Therapy_associated_AML, #t_AML
Ref: Uptodate [ Overview of acute myeloid leukemia on adults] Harrison [ 739] Cecil [ 478]

Other