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Osteomalacia

Signs & Symptoms

 Dull bone pain
Note: Aggravated by activity,aggravated by weight bearing
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia] Cecil [ 754]
Aggravated by activity
Note: Aggravated by activity,aggravated by weight bearing
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia] Cecil [ 754]
Aggravated by weight bearing
Note: Aggravated by activity,aggravated by weight bearing
Ref: Uptodate [ Epidemiology and etiology of osteomalacia] Cecil [ 754]
Bone pain
Note: Aggravated by activity,aggravated by weight bearing
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia] Cecil [ 754]

Physical Examination

 Bone tenderness
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia]
Shortening of the tibia
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia] Harrison [ 2920] Cecil [ 754]
Bowing of the tibia
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia] Harrison [ 2920] Cecil [ 754]

Lab / Serology

 Elevated alkaline phosphatase
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia] Harrison [ 2920] Cecil [ 754]
Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D
Note: <15 ng/mL
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia]
Low urinary calcium
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia] Harrison [ 2920] Cecil [ 754]

Imagin Study

 Thinning of the bone cortex
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia]
Looser pseudofractures
Note: Often bilateral, symmetric ,and lie perpendicular to the cortical margins of bones
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia] Harrison [ 2920] Cecil [ 754]
Abnormal spinal curvature
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia]

Complication

 Bone cysts
Note: due to Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia]
Resorption of the distal ends of the clavicle
Note: due to Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia]
Resorption of the distal ends of the humerus
Note: due to Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomalacia]

Risk Factors

 Elder
Ref: Uptodate [ Epidemiology and etiology of osteomalacia]
Obesity
Ref: Harrison [ 2920]

Cause

 Hyperparathyroidism
Ref: Uptodate [ Epidemiology and etiology of osteomalacia]
Severe vitamin D deficiency
Ref: Uptodate [ Epidemiology and etiology of osteomalacia] Cecil [ 754]
Prolonged vitamin D deficiency
Ref: Uptodate [ Epidemiology and etiology of osteomalacia] Cecil [ 754]

Other