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Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

 Syn. CRAO

Signs & Symptoms

 Profound loss of monocular vision
Note: Most affected patients can see only hand motions and rarely can count fingers
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion] Vaughan [ 458] BCSC [ 108,111]
Rheumatic heart disease
Note: Cardiogenic embolism
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion]
Atrial fibrillation
Note: Cardiogenic embolism
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion] BCSC [ 111]
Cardiac valvular disease
Note: Cardiogenic embolism
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion] BCSC [ 111]

Physical Examination

 Pale optic disk
Note: After 4- 6 weeks
Ref: Vaughan [ 458]
Cardiac murmur
Note: Cardiogenic embolism
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion]
Ischemic retinal whitening On funduscopic examination
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion] Vaughan [ 458] BCSC [ 108,111]

Lab / Serology

Imagin Study

Complication

Risk Factors

 Age greater than 40
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion]
Male
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion]
Caucasians
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion]

Cause

 Fibromuscular dysplasia
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion]
Radiation injury of the Carotid artery
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion]
Small artery disease
Note: Is often the presumptive etiology in older patients with diabetes and/or hypertension
Ref: Uptodate [ Central and branch retinal artery occlusion]

Other