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Myasthenia Gravis

 Syn. MG , myasthenia gravis disorder

Signs & Symptoms

 Fluctuating skeletal muscle weakness
Note: Immunological attack directed at proteins in the postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis]
Fatigability of muscles
Ref: Harrison [ 3232]
Muscle weakness
Ref: Harrison [ 3232]
Thymoma
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis]

Physical Examination

 Muscle weakness
Ref: Harrison [ 3232]
Respiratory failure
Note: due to Respiratory muscle involvement
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis]
Periorbital edema (negative symptom)
Note: Raise the possibility of Thyroid ophthalmopathy
Ref: Uptodate [ Ocular myasthenia gravis]

Lab / Serology

 Positive anti-AChR antibodies
Note: But a negative test does not exclude the disease
Ref: Harrison [ 3233]
Positive AChR-Ab
Ref: Uptodate [ Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis]
Positive MuSK-Ab
Ref: Uptodate [ Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis]

Imagin Study

 Enlarged extraocular muscles (negative symptom)
Note: Raise the possibility of Thyroid ophthalmopathy
Ref: Uptodate [ Ocular myasthenia gravis]
Positive Single-fiber electromyography
Ref: Uptodate [ Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis]
Thymic hyperplasia
Ref: Uptodate [ Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis]

Complication

 Aspiration
Note: due to Oropharyngeal muscle weakness
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis]

Risk Factors

 Female
Ref: Harrison [ 3232]
20 < age < 40
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis]
Age between 20 and 40
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis]

Cause

Other