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Inguinal Hernia

 Syn. Groin hernia , Inguinal Hernias

Signs & Symptoms

 Family history of hernia
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults]
Prior hernia repair
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults]
Worsen by Valsalva maneuver
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults] Lawrence [ 133]
Abdominal wall injury
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults]

Physical Examination

 A bulge in groin
Note: It is easier with the patient standing
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults] Lawrence [ 133]
Chronic constipation
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults]
Chronic cough
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults]

Lab / Serology

 Acidosis #strangulation
Note: due to Strangulated hernia, due to hernia ischemia, due to hernia necrosis
Ref: Lawrence [ 127]
Leukocytosis #strangulation
Note: due to Strangulated hernia, due to hernia ischemia, due to hernia necrosis
Ref: Lawrence [ 127]

Imagin Study

Complication

 Vomiting #strangulation
Note: due to bowel obstruction, due to Strangulated hernia, Strangulated hernias may manifest with symptoms of bowel obstruction.
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults]
Erythema of groin #incarceration #strangulation
Note: Is seen in an incarcerated or strangulated hernia
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults]
Fever #incarceration #strangulation
Note: Is seen in an incarcerated or strangulated hernia
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults]

Risk Factors

 Male
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults]
Elder
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults]
Smoking
Ref: Uptodate [ Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults]

Cause

Other