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Acute Pancreatitis

 Syn. Pancreatitis, Acute

Signs & Symptoms

 Vomiting #Criteria
Note: may persist for many hours
Ref: Uptodate [ Diagnostic approach to abdominal pain in adults] Harrison [ 2439] Cecil [ 427]
Nausea #Criteria
Note: may persist for many hours
Ref: Uptodate [ Diagnostic approach to abdominal pain in adults] Harrison [ 2439] Cecil [ 427] Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/6631/Acute-pancreatitis/Diagnostic-Approach]
Gradual pain
Ref: Uptodate [ History and physical examination in adults with abdominal pain]
Acute upper abdominal pain #Criteria
Ref: Uptodate [ Differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in adults] Harrison [ 2439] Cecil [ 427] Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/6631/Acute-pancreatitis/Diagnostic-Approach]

Physical Examination

 Acute upper abdominal pain #Criteria
Ref: Uptodate [ Differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in adults] Harrison [ 2439] Cecil [ 427] Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/6631/Acute-pancreatitis/Diagnostic-Approach]
Fever #necrotizing_pancreatitis
Note: represent cytokine release as part of the inflammatory process
Ref: Uptodate [ cClinical manifestations and diagnosis of acute pancreatitis] Harrison [ 2440] Cecil [ 897]
Tachycardia #severe
Ref: Uptodate [ cClinical manifestations and diagnosis of acute pancreatitis] Harrison [ 2439] Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/6631/Acute-pancreatitis/Diagnostic-Approach]

Lab / Serology

 Elevated liver tests
Ref: Uptodate [ Approach to the patient with suspected choledocholithiasis]
Elevated serum lipase #Criteria
Note: threefold or greater, >3 upper limit of normal
Ref: Uptodate [ Diagnostic approach to abdominal pain in adults] Harrison [ 2440] Cecil [ 427] Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/6631/Acute-pancreatitis/Diagnostic-Approach]
Elevated pancreatic enzymes
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of acute pancreatitis]

Imagin Study

 CT show inflammation in pancreas #Criteria
Ref: Cecil [ 897]
Radiograph pleural effusion
Note: especially on the left side
Ref: Harrison [ 2431] Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/6631/Acute-pancreatitis/Diagnostic-Approach]
Radiograph basal atelectasis
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/6631/Acute-pancreatitis/Diagnostic-Approach]

Complication

 Coma
Ref: Uptodate [ Differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in adults]
Shock
Ref: Uptodate [ Differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in adults] Harrison [ 2439]
Hemoconcentration
Note: increased risk of developing necrotizing pancreatitis
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/6631/Acute-pancreatitis/Diagnostic-Approach]

Risk Factors

 Gallstones
Ref: Unknown [ 0]
Trauma
Ref: Uptodate [ Diagnostic approach to abdominal pain in adults] Unknown [ 0]
Sjogren syndrome
Ref: Epocrates [ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/6632/Acute-pancreatitis/Risk-Factors]

Cause

 Caused by Gallstone Pancreatitis #Galstone_pancreatitis
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of acute pancreatitis] Cecil [ 425]
Caused by annular pancreas
Ref: Cecil [ 427]
Caused by Tumors
Ref: Cecil [ 427]

Other