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Bladder Cancer

 Syn. UCB , Carcinoma urinary bladder , Bladder Carcinoma

Signs & Symptoms

 Painless hematuria
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer] Cecil [ 605]
Hematuria
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer]
Grossly visible hematuria #CIS #Obstructive
Note: due to clot retention(On occasion)
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer]
Intermittent
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer]

Physical Examination

 Induration of prostate gland
Note: An attempt to palpate the base and lateral walls of the bladder should be made, looking for induration or fixation
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer]
Enlarged para-aortic lymph nodes #Advanced
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer]
Nodularity in periumbilical region #Advanced
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer]

Lab / Serology

 Microscopic hematuria
Note: More than 3 RBCs per HPF
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer]

Imagin Study

Complication

 Urinary retention #Advanced
Note: due to obstructing the bladder outlet
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer]
Hypogastric pain #Advanced
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer] Harrison [ 620]
Rectal pain #Advanced
Ref: Uptodate [ Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer] Harrison [ 620] Cecil [ 605]

Risk Factors

 Smoking
Ref: Uptodate [ Epidemiology and risk factors of urothelial (transitional cell) carcinoma of the bladder]
Age greater than 40
Ref: Harrison [ 619]
Male
Ref: Cecil [ 605]

Cause

Other